UPSC Mains tests the knowledge of the candidates in various fields including general knowledge, history, politics, etc. One of the most critical domains for any UPSC candidate is knowledge of Indian Constitution. It makes marks in starters and main courses and a significant part of the interview can take place on it.
The Constitution contains both principles and provisions for a variety of subjects such as rights, duties, institutions and their relations etc. These details are contained in approximately 450 articles (2022), although there were originally 395 articles. While all the political concepts enshrined in the Constitution should be clearly understood, there is no need to memorize too many articles.
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Since the Indian constitution is considered a major subject, aspirants should have a good idea of the nature and salient features of the Indian Constitution such as fundamental rights, federalism, judicial review and activism, separation of powers, among others.
List of articles in the Indian Constitution
Here is a list of the essential articles in Indian Constitution that UPSC aspirants should know before appearing in the exam:
Article 1 is about Bharat – India, becomes a Union of States.
Article 3 sets out the procedure for influencing five types of change: how to create or abolish a state or Union territory; change their borders, territory and name.
With regard to fundamental rights, Article 14 for equality, Article 19 for liberty, Article 21 on life and personal liberty, Article 25 for the right to worship and Article 32, where everyone has the right to seek a constitutional remedy before the Supreme Court when FRs violated.
Article 51A of the Fundamental Rights would be necessary.
Due to the presidential election, which recently took place in 2022, Articles 54 and 55 may be current.
Article 72, Presidential Mercy, is necessary because of the Supreme Court ruling regarding the governor’s powers of mercy.
Article 161 states the power of the governor to grant pardons, etc., and in some cases to suspend, remit, or commute sentences. (Perarivalan case 2022 makes Articles 72 and 161 significant)
Article 280 is vital, it deals with the finance committee.
Apart from articles, a few sections that are essential to know is section 124A of the IPC regarding incitement. In addition, Section 9A is critical as it highlights the Representation of People Act 1951 due to Hemant Soren and the possibility of disqualification.
Furthermore, students should also keep abreast of the articles that are trending or in the news so that they can apply these articles to current developments. The research from now on, both the prelims and Mains, is not article-oriented, it is concept-oriented. Therefore, it is not necessary to memorize so many articles, but concepts should be very clear.
— Written by Sriram Srirangam, Founder and Director, SRIRAM’s IAS
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